Can you have pregnancy symptoms before testing positive

When you’re trying to conceive, that two week wait between the time you ovulated and when you should take a pregnancy test can drive you nuts. Are your boobs hurting because you’re pregnant, or is it PMS? What about those cramps — are they menstrual or from implantation? Can you have pregnancy symptoms before a positive pregnancy test? Some believe that you can’t have symptoms for something that isn’t there, but personally? I think it depends on what you consider a “pregnancy” symptom, because implantation is definitely a part of pregnancy (the most important part) and there are most definitely symptoms for that even before you have enough hCG in your body to turn a positive pregnancy test.

When implantation occurs, some women feel cramping, others bleed, and some women do both. After implantation, your uterus begins to grow and stretch, causing a pinching and tugging sensation as well. Implantation can occur six to 12 days post ovulation, and once the embryo is implanted, that's when the pregnancy hormone, hCG, shows up in your bloodstream.

According to Dr. Adrienne Zertuche, an OB-GYN at a Division of Atlanta Women’s Healthcare Specialists, “The cardinal sign of early pregnancy is missing an expected menstrual cycle by more than a few days. Many women may also experience nausea and vomiting, breast enlargement and tenderness, increased urinary frequency, and fatigue.”

"The symptoms of early pregnancy are vague, and most of them can have other causes. In fact, up to 10 percent of women experience these symptoms when they are not pregnant. For that reason, if you have symptoms in the setting of a negative pregnancy test, they are probably related to something else. But if the symptoms persist or worsen, you should consider repeating your pregnancy test in one week or being evaluated by a physician," she tells Romper in an email interview.

Zertuche also says that 60 percent of women begin to experience at least one pregnancy symptom five to six weeks after their last menstrual period, and by eight weeks, that percentage jumps to 90 percent.

Most women don't even know they are pregnant until that missed period, because that's when the hCG hormone is high enough to really start to make you feel crummy. Listen to your body, and if you're really in tune, you may notice some things feeling a bit off, especially if implantation is occurring. Unfortunately, implantation cramps and bleeding can just be a sign of PMS, so until you miss your period, try to relax before taking that pregnancy test. (Easier said than done, right?)

So yes — technically you can feel pregnancy symptoms before you turn a pregnancy test positive. But if your test is negative, you can probably chalk those symptoms up to something else. (Like your period on its way.)

While some pregnancy symptoms start very early, most of the time, you won't notice anything right away. Anything that happens immediately after having sex, like spotting, increased discharge, or feeling tired or nauseated, is usually unrelated to pregnancy.

Other than a missed period, pregnancy symptoms tend to really kick in around week five or six of pregnancy. One 2018 study of 458 pregnant people found that 72% detected their pregnancy by the sixth week after their last menstrual period.

Symptoms, such as breast tenderness and morning sickness, tend to develop abruptly. Typically this happens about two weeks from when you missed your last period (six weeks since you actually had a period). Occasionally you will hear of someone who has symptoms right around their first missed period, but this timing is less common.

When Do Early Pregnancy Symptoms Start?

Regardless of your feelings about a possible pregnancy, it can be easy to ascribe any sensations you're having to potential pregnancy symptoms. However, keep in mind that premenstrual syndrome (PMS) symptoms and those of early pregnancy can be very similar—and pregnancy symptoms most often don't occur until after you've missed a period not before.

Having symptoms a day or two after having sex is usually not a sign of pregnancy. Here are some things to consider as you try to determine if you're pregnant.

Am I Pregnant? Real Women Share Their Early Signs

Nausea

Nausea immediately after sex is something you may question as a sign of pregnancy. However, your body doesn't have enough time to react to produce that symptom due to a pregnancy resulting from recent intercourse.

For most pregnant people, pregnancy-related nausea begins two to eight weeks following conception. So, if you are having pregnancy-related nausea, you became pregnant weeks before.

Pregnancy Test

A pregnancy test is the best way to tell if you are pregnant or not. However, you must wait until you miss your period to get the most accurate results from a urine pregnancy test.

This can be a home pregnancy test or a pregnancy test from your doctor, midwife, or health department. A blood test (quantitative beta HCG) might show positive results as early as one week after ovulation.

Basal Body Temperature Charting

Basal body temperature (BBT) can predict and suggest ovulation. This only works if you have been taking your temperature in the days prior to ovulation. Temperature elevation (approximately 0.5 to 1 degree F) begins one or two days after ovulation and persists for several days.

Temperature elevation identifies prior ovulation; it does not diagnose pregnancy.

Why You Might Feel Pregnant

It can be fairly common to experience some physical symptoms as you enter into what many people call the two-week wait, the period of time between when you ovulate and when you expect your period. These symptoms can include:

• Breast soreness
• Feeling bloated
• Frequent urination
• Headaches
  
• Mood swings
  
• Nausea and/or changes in appetite
  

While all of the symptoms could be pregnancy symptoms, they can also be explained by either fluctuation in your hormones due to your menstrual cycle, or by other events in your life. These events can include illness, stress, or even something as simple as not enough sleep or too much exercise.

Some people experience premenstrual syndrome (PMS) symptoms as pregnancy symptoms, whereas others do not typically have these symptoms every cycle.

When you experience a symptom that is not common to your cycle, it may be easily confused with a potential pregnancy.

To help relieve focusing on these symptoms, you can take positive steps for your physical and emotional health. Eating nutritious foods, quitting smoking, and limiting alcohol will promote your health and wellness whether or not it turns out you are pregnant.

When Pregnancy Is Unintentional

If you had unprotected sex or a contraceptive failure and fear you could get pregnant, emergency contraception is an option. Commonly called the "morning-after pill," medications are available over-the-counter (without a prescription) that can prevent pregnancy if taken within five days of having unprotected sex.

The sooner you take these medications, the more effective they are in preventing unintended pregnancy. These medications do not cause an abortion, but rather prevent a pregnancy from being established.

A Word From Verywell

Fears or hopes of getting pregnant can be an emotional roller coaster. You won't know for sure whether you are pregnant until a couple of weeks have passed since the potential conception. To help relieve focusing on symptoms, you can take positive steps for your physical and emotional health. Eating nutritious foods, quitting smoking, and limiting or avoiding alcohol will help promote your health and wellness whether or not it turns out you are pregnant.

By Robin Elise Weiss, PhD, MPH
Robin Elise Weiss, PhD, MPH is a professor, author, childbirth and postpartum educator, certified doula, and lactation counselor.

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