There are many reasons why a miscarriage may happen, although the cause is often not identified. If a miscarriage happens during the first trimester of pregnancy (the first 3 months), it's usually caused by problems with the unborn baby (foetus). About 3 in every 4 miscarriages happen during this period. If a miscarriage happens after the first trimester of pregnancy, it may be
the result of things like an underlying health condition in the mother. These late miscarriages may also be caused by an infection around the baby, which leads to the bag of waters breaking before any pain or bleeding. Sometimes they can be caused by the neck of the womb opening too soon. First trimester miscarriages are often caused by problems with the chromosomes of the foetus. Chromosomes are blocks of DNA. They contain a detailed set of instructions that control a wide range of factors, from how the cells of the body develop to what colour eyes a baby will have. Sometimes something can go wrong at the point of conception and the foetus receives too many or not enough chromosomes. The reasons for this are often unclear, but it means the foetus will not be able to develop normally, resulting in a miscarriage. This is very unlikely to recur. It does not necessarily mean there's any problem with you or your partner. Placenta problemsThe placenta is the organ linking your blood supply to your baby's. If there's a problem with the development of the placenta, it can also lead to a miscarriage. Things that increase your riskAn early miscarriage may happen by chance. But there are several things known to increase your risk of problems happening. Your age can also have an influence:
A pregnancy may also be more likely to end in miscarriage if you:
Second trimester miscarriagesLong-term health conditionsSeveral long-term (chronic) health conditions can increase your risk of having a miscarriage in the second trimester, especially if they're not treated or well controlled. These include:
InfectionsThe following infections may also increase your risk:
Food poisoningFood poisoning, caused by eating contaminated food, can also increase the risk of miscarriage. For example:
Read more about foods to avoid in pregnancy. MedicinesMedicines that increase your risk include:
To be sure a medicine is safe in pregnancy, always check with your doctor, midwife or pharmacist before taking it. Read more about medicines during pregnancy. Womb structureProblems and abnormalities with your womb can also lead to second trimester miscarriages. Possible problems include:
Weakened cervixIn some cases, the muscles of the cervix (neck of the womb) are weaker than usual. This is known as a weakened cervix or cervical incompetence. A weakened cervix may be caused by a previous injury to this area, usually after a surgical procedure. The muscle weakness can cause the cervix to open too early during pregnancy, leading to a miscarriage. Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS)Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a condition where the ovaries are larger than normal. It's caused by hormonal changes in the ovaries. PCOS is known to be a leading cause of infertility as it can prevent the release of an egg (ovulation). There's some evidence to suggest it may also be linked to an increased risk of miscarriage. Misconceptions about miscarriageAn increased risk of miscarriage is not linked to:
Recurrent miscarriagesIf you have had a miscarriage, it's natural to worry that you'll have another if you get pregnant again. But most miscarriages are a one-off event. About 1 in 100 women experience recurrent miscarriages (3 or more in a row) and many of these women go on to have a successful pregnancy. Page last reviewed: 09 March 2022 Is it okay to crave spicy food while pregnant?There's no scientific evidence to suggest you need to cut out spicy foods during your pregnancy, so if you enjoy your food with a bit of a kick, there's no need to cool things down. In fact, many women experience strong cravings for hot, spicy foods during pregnancy.
Can pepper cause miscarriage early pregnancy?Although you may read this in blogs, there is no evidence to suggest that eating spicy foods during pregnancy can cause miscarriages.
Is it OK to eat spicy food when trying to conceive?In conclusion, spicy foods are to be avoided if you are willing to conceive because it may cause heartburn and increase contraction as well. Dr Christine recommends taking healthy diet, reduce alcohol intake and do regular exercise.
Why do they say eat spicy food while pregnant?Perhaps one of the most well-known theories is that eating spicy food can bring on labor. But is there any truth to it? “Spicy food causes some degree of gastrointestinal distress, which can sometimes stimulate uterine contractions, but it probably won't bring on labor,” says Babcock.
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