The causes of calf pain can be highly variable including direct trauma, overuse, muscle and tendon ruptures, and blood clots. The symptoms can range from mild achiness and tightness to sudden inability to walk or bear weight.
The initial treatment of these injuries includes rest, elevation, and compression. Heating pads can help relax muscle spasms. Stretching of the muscles of the lower leg can also help decrease muscle spasms. However, if the calf pain is accompanied by any of these symptoms including warmth, redness, fevers, and or shortness of breath, you should consult a physician immediately to rule out a blood clot.
Deep venous thrombosis (DVT) if ignored can fragment and travel to the lungs, causing a pulmonary embolus (PE). In severe cases, these events can be fatal. So, don’t ignore the symptoms!
Call for immediate medical help or go to an emergency room if you:
- Have a leg injury with a deep cut or exposed bone or tendon
- Are unable to walk or put weight on your leg
- Have pain, swelling, redness or warmth in your calf
- Hear a popping or grinding sound at the time of a leg injury
See your doctor as soon as possible if you have:
- Signs of infection, such as redness, warmth or tenderness, or you have a fever greater than100 F (37.8 C)
- A leg that is swollen, pale or unusually cool
- Calf pain, particularly after prolonged sitting, such as on a long car trip or plane ride
- Swelling in both legs along with breathing problems
- Any serious leg symptoms that develop for no apparent reason
Schedule an office visit if:
- You have pain during or after walking
- You have swelling in both legs
- Your pain gets worse
- Your symptoms don't improve after a few days of home treatment
- You have painful varicose veins
Self-care
Minor leg pain often responds well to home treatments. To relieve mild pain and swelling:
- Stay off your leg as much as possible
- Apply an ice pack or a bag of frozen peas to the affected area for 15 to 20 minutes three times a day
- Elevate your leg whenever you sit or lie down
- Try over-the-counter pain relievers such as ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin IB, others) or naproxen sodium (Aleve)
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March 27, 2021
- Exercise-induced leg pain. American College of Sports Medicine. //www.acsm.org/search-results?q=leg%20pain. Accessed Jan. 20, 2016.
- Seller RH, et al. Pain in the lower extremity in adults. In: Differential Diagnosis of Common Complaints. 6th ed. Philadelphia, Pa.: Saunders Elsevier; 2012.
- Knee and leg. American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons. //orthoinfo.aaos.org/menus/leg.cfm. Accessed Jan. 20, 2016.
- Neschis DG, et al. Clinical features and diagnosis of lower extremity peripheral artery disease. //www.uptodate.com/home. Accessed Jan. 20, 2016.
- Clark MC. Overview of the causes of limp in children. //www.uptodate.com/home. Accessed Jan. 20, 2016.
- Lehman TJA. Growing pains. //www.uptodate.com/home. Accessed Jan. 20, 2016.
- Firestein GS, et al. Hip and knee pain. In: Kelley's Textbook of Rheumatology. 9th ed. Philadelphia, Pa.: Saunders Elsevier; 2013. //www.clinicalkey.com. Accessed Jan. 20, 2016.
- What is Paget's disease of bone? National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases. //www.niams.nih.gov/Health_Info/Bone/Pagets/pagets_disease_ff.asp. Accessed Jan. 20, 2016.
- Hamstring muscle injuries. American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons. //orthoinfo.aaos.org/topic.cfm?topic=a00408. Accessed Jan. 20, 2016.
- Yu DT, et al. Diagnosis and differential diagnosis of ankylosing spondylitis and non-radiographic axial spondyloarthritis in adults. //www.uptodate.com/home. Accessed Jan. 20, 2016.
- Patellar tendon tear. American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons. //orthoinfo.aaos.org/topic.cfm?topic=a00512. Accessed Jan. 20, 2016.
- Herniated disk. American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons. //orthoinfo.aaos.org/topic.cfm?topic=a00334. Accessed Jan. 20, 2016.
- Ankle sprains and the athlete. American College of Sports Medicine. //www.acsm.org/docs/current-comments/anklesprainstemp.pdf?sfvrsn=7. Accessed Jan. 20, 2016.
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