Adding and subtracting fractions with common denominators

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For introducing your students to adding and subtracting fractions

Use this Add and Subtract Fractions with the Same Denominator Worksheet to provide a clear introduction to this important mathematical topic.

This adding and subtracting fractions worksheet features a series of questions, with two-segmented circles for each question.

To work out the answer to each question, students must colour in the correct number of sections in the first circle, then colour in more sections or erase some sections according to the required calculation. When students know the answer, they can demonstrate it by colouring in the correct number of sections in the second circle.

Great for visual learners, this adding and subtracting fractions worksheet has been designed to help children see how a fraction relates to a whole number. 

It also includes a useful answer sheet to help with marking and assessment.

Suitable for Years 3 to 6.

You could also try the Butterfly Method of Adding Fractions with your class.

A variety of fractions worksheets to aid with calculation

Once your students have grasped the basic concept of adding and subtracting fractions with this worksheet, you may wish to step things up a notch. 

We've got a variety of resources to help you keep your little ones engaged in learning. And not only that - you can use these materials to help children master these key maths skills.

To that end, these Add and Subtract Fractions with the Same Denominator Worksheets contain a series of addition and subtraction activities that increase in difficulty as students become more familiar with the concept.

Alternatively, if you wish to provide extra resources that target subtraction specifically, we recommend this Subtracting Fractions of the Same Denominator PowerPoint.

You might also find useful this fantastic Adding and Subtracting Fractions Space-Themed Display. Add this poster to your classroom displays or encourage your little one to refer to it when completing independent tasks.

What is the method for adding or subtracting fractions?

When adding or subtracting fractions with the same lower number, or denominator, you need to add or subtract the two top numbers, or numerators, together, while keeping the denominators the same. 

For example, 3/8 + 2/8 = 3+2/8 = 5/8.

Included in these worksheets are more examples, so refer to them if your little one wants to practise further.

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Calculator Use

Add and subtract proper and improper fractions with this calculator and see the work involved in the solution.

Select the number of fractions in your equation and then input numerators and denominators in the available fields. Click the Calculate button to solve the equation and show the work.

You can add and subtract 3 fractions, 4 fractions, 5 fractions and up to 9 fractions at a time.

How to Add and Subtract Fractions

When the Denominators are the Same

When fractions have the same denominators we simply add or subtract the numerators as indicated and place the result over the common denominator. If necessary we can simplify the fraction to lowest terms or a mixed number.

When the Denominators are Unlike or Different

When fractions have unlike denominators the first step is to find equivalent fractions so that all of the denominators are the same. We find the Least Common Denominator (LCD) then rewrite all fractions in the equation as equivalent fractions using the LCD as the denominator. When all denominators are alike, simply add or subtract the numerators and place the result over the common denominator. The resulting fraction can be simplified to lowest terms or written as a mixed number.

How to Work With Negative Fractions

When an equation calls for adding a negative fraction, we can rewrite the equation as subtracting a positive fraction. Likewise, if the equation calls for subtracting a negative fraction, this is the same as adding a positive fraction and can be rewritten this way. This calculator rewrites negative fractions when it shows the work involved in finding the answer.

Simplifying Operations on Negative Numbers

Whether you are working with fractions, whole numbers or decimals, use these guidelines when adding and subtracting positive and negative numbers.

Original

Adding a Positive Number

+

+

Adding a Negative Number

+

-

Subtracting a Positive Number

+

Subtracting a Negative Number

-

Changes to

+

+

Adding a Positive Number

+

Subtracting a Positive Number

+

Subtracting a Positive Number

+

+

Adding a Positive Number

For similar and more basic methods of working with fractions you can also visit Help With Fractions.

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Adding and subtracting fractions with common denominators
Adding and subtracting fractions with common denominators